Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

2008—Subsec. (a)(1)(C). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7130(1), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7130(2), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “enter into agreements with land-grant colleges and universities, the Agency for International Development, and international organizations (such as the United Nations, World Bank, regional development banks, the International Agricultural Research Center), or other organizations, institutions or individuals with comparable goals, to promote and support the development of a viable and sustainable global agricultural system;”.

Subsec. (a)(7)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7130(3), substituted “, land-grant colleges and universities, and Hispanic-serving agricultural colleges and universities” for “and land-grant colleges and universities”.

Subsec. (a)(9)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7130(4)(A), substituted “, Hispanic-serving agricultural colleges and universities, or other colleges and universities” for “or other colleges and universities”.

Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7130(4)(B)–(6), added par. (11).

2002—Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 107–171 added par. (10).

1998—Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(1), substituted “research, extension, and teaching” for “research and extension” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(A)(i), substituted “related research, extension, and teaching” for “related research and extension” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(A)(ii), substituted “research, extension, and teaching activities that address” for “research and extension on”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(B), substituted “teaching” for “education”.

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(C), substituted “science and education experts” for “scientists and experts”.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(D), inserted “teaching,” after “development,”.

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(B), substituted “teaching” for “education”.

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(E), substituted “research, extension, and teaching programs” for “research and extension that is”.

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(2)(F), substituted “research, extension, and teaching capabilities” for “research capabilities”.

Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(b), added par. (9).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(a)(3), substituted “counterpart research, extension, and teaching agencies” for “counterpart agencies”.

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(c), added subsec. (d).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–185, § 227(d), added subsec. (e).

1996—Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 104–127 substituted “continue” for “establish” after “(8)” and struck out “to be” before “coordinated”.

1991—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 102–237 substituted a semicolon for period at end.

1990—Pub. L. 101–624, § 1613(d)(1)(A), inserted section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1613(a), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “The Secretary, subject to such coordination with other Federal officials, departments, and agencies as the President may direct, is authorized to—

“(1) expand the operational coordination of the Department of Agriculture with institutions and other persons throughout the world performing agricultural and related research and extension activities by exchanging research materials and results with such institutions or persons and by conducting with such institutions or persons joint or coordinated research and extension on problems of significance to food and agriculture in the United States;

“(2) assist the Agency for International Development with food, agricultural, research and extension programs in developing countries;

“(3) work with developed and transitional countries on food, agricultural and related research and extension, including providing technical assistance, training, and advice to persons from such countries engaged in such activities and the stationing of scientists at national and international institutions in such countries;

“(4) assist United States colleges and universities in strengthening their capabilities for food, agricultural, and related research and extension relevant to agricultural development activities in other countries through the development of highly qualified scientists with specialization in international development; and

“(5) further develop within the Department of Agriculture highly qualified and experienced scientists who specialize in international programs, to be available for the activities described in this section.”

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1613(d)(1)(B), inserted heading.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–624, § 1613(b), (d)(1)(C), inserted heading and “and other nongovernmental organizations” after “universities”.

1985—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 99–198 substituted “providing technical assistance, training, and advice to” for “the training of”.

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 99–198 inserted “through the development of highly qualified scientists with specialization in international development” after “countries”.

1981—Pub. L. 97–98 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted provisions authorizing Secretary to work with transitional countries as well as developed countries on agricultural research and extension and establishing that agricultural research includes food, agricultural, and related research, and added subsecs. (b) and (c).

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.

Amendment by section 7511(c)(10)(B) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2009, see section 7511(c) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1522 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 97–98 effective Dec. 22, 1981, see section 1801 of Pub. L. 97–98, set out as an Effective Date note under section 4301 of this title.

Subchapter effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as an Effective Date of 1977 Amendment note under section 1307 of this title.