The date of enactment of this Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(A), probably means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 95–474, which was approved Oct. 17, 1978.

For the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, referred to in subsec. (c)(5)(A), see International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972, set out as a note under section 1602 of this title.

2004—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 108–293, § 302(1), added par. (6).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 108–293, § 302(2), added subsec. (e).

1996—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 104–324 inserted “as measured under section 14502 of title 46, or an alternate tonnage measured under section 14302 of that title as prescribed by the Secretary under section 14104 of that title” after “300 gross tons”.

1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(1), substituted “Secretary—” for “Secretary may—”.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(2), substituted “may construct, operate, maintain, improve, or expand” for “establish, operate, and maintain”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(3), substituted “shall require appropriate” for “require”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(4), inserted “may” before “require”, which was executed by making the insertion before “require” the first place it appeared to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(5), inserted “may” before “control”.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 101–380, § 4107(a)(6), inserted “may” before “require”.

1978—Pub. L. 95–474 substituted provision relating to vessel operating requirements for provision relating to the investigatory powers of the Secretary, production of witnesses and documents, and fees and allowances for witnesses.

Amendment by Pub. L. 101–380 applicable to incidents occurring after Aug. 18, 1990, see section 1020 of Pub. L. 101–380, set out as an Effective Date note under section 2701 of this title.

Section 4107(b) of Pub. L. 101–380 provided that:

“(1) Study.—The Secretary shall conduct a study—

“(A) of whether the Secretary should be given additional authority to direct the movement of vessels on navigable waters and should exercise such authority; and

“(B) to determine and prioritize the United States ports and channels that are in need of new, expanded, or improved vessel traffic service systems, by evaluating—

“(i) the nature, volume, and frequency of vessel traffic;

“(ii) the risks of collisions, spills, and damages associated with that traffic;

“(iii) the impact of installation, expansion, or improvement of a vessel traffic service system; and

“(iv) all other relevant costs and data.

“(2) Report.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 18, 1990], the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report on the results of the study conducted under paragraph (1) and recommendations for implementing the results of that study.”

For extension of territorial sea of United States, see Proc. No. 5928, set out as a note under section 1331 of Title 43, Public Lands.